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Beyond Women the Gatherer: Women's Cooperative Hunting

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The Leakey Foundation

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Partner:: Leakey Foundation
Location:: California Academy of Sciences
San Francisco, CA
Event Date:: 04.28.12
Speaker:: Rebecca Bliege Bird
Tags:: female; women; community

Summary: Gender roles among foraging peoples are usually considered to be nearly universal: that men are hunters and women gatherers of plant foods, that men are more productive than women and that women cooperate mainly with spouses in a division of labor designed to care for dependent offspring; a pattern that is rooted in our evolutionary past. I describe an alternative perspective of women as hunters who cooperate extensively in acquiring small animals, sharing food and caring for children."

Bio

Rebecca Bliege Bird

Dr. Rebecca Bliege Bird is an Associate Professor of Anthropology at Stanford University. She is an ecological anthropologist interested in the socioecology of subsistence in small scale societies. Dr. Bird pursues such topics as the gender division of labor in hunting and gathering, cooperation, costly signaling, indigenous conservation/land management, and fire ecology. She's currently involved in a long-term ethnographic and ecological research project with Martu people in Australia's Western Desert.

Chapters

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23 min 45 sec

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01.: Historical Views on Males and Hunting

01 min 29 sec

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02.: Aboriginal Hunter-Gatherer Life

02 min 26 sec

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03.: Female Aboriginal Hunting Practices

01 min 21 sec

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04.: Martu Dietary Needs

02 min 35 sec

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05.: Martu Women Hunting Percentages

04 min 18 sec

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06.: Cooperative Hunting

01 min 00 sec

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07.: Average Proportion of Foods Acquired by Women

02 min 08 sec

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08.: Hunting Returns Before Sharing

01 min 18 sec

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09.: Hunting Returns After Sharing

01 min 38 sec

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10.: Hunting Motivations Between Men and Women

01 min 51 sec

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11.: Dinner Camps

01 min 51 sec

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12.: Time Allocation Across the Lifespan

01 min 50 sec

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23 min 45 sec

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The Aboriginals' Female Hunter Society

02 min 32 sec

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Associate Professor of Anthropology at Stanford University Dr. Rebecca Bliege Bird explores the hunting habits of Aboriginal women. The woman hunt 79 percent of game, including monitor lizards and feral cats.
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23 min 45 sec

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Encyclopædia Britannica Article

human evolution: Evolution of modern human beings from extinct nonhuman and humanlike forms. Genetic evidence points to an evolutionary divergence between the lineages of humans and the great apes on the African continent 8–5 million years ago (mya). The earliest fossils considered to be remains of hominins (members of the human lineage) date to at least 4 mya in Africa; they include the genus Australopithecus and other forms. The next major evolutionary stage, Homo habilis, inhabited sub-Saharan Africa about 2–1.5 mya. Homo habilis appears to have been supplanted by a taller and more humanlike species, Homo erectus, which lived from c. 1,700,000 to 200,000 years ago, gradually migrating into Asia and parts of Europe. Between c. 600,000 and 200,000 years ago, Homo heidelbergensis, sometimes called archaic Homo sapiens, lived in Africa, Europe, and perhaps parts of Asia. Having features resembling those of both H. erectus and modern humans, H. heidelbergensis may have been an ancestor of modern humans and also of the Neanderthals (H. neanderthalensis), who inhabited Europe and western Asia from c. 200,000 to 28,000 years ago. Fully modern humans (H. sapiens) seem to have emerged in Africa only c. 150,000 years ago, perhaps having descended directly from H. erectus or from an intermediate species such as H. heidelbergensis.; human evolution on britannica.com