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Diversity and Evolution of Coral Reef Fishes

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California Academy of Sciences

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Partner:: California Academy of Sciences
Location:: California Academy of Sciences
San Francisco, CA
Event Date:: 01.24.12
Speaker:: Luiz Rocha
Tags:: Biology; genome sequencing; Genomics; fish; deep reef; coral reef

Summary: Dr. Luiz Rocha, Assistant Curator, Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences. Join us to welcome new curator on the ichthyology team, Dr. Luiz Rocha. Dr. Rocha's research interests center on the evolution, biogeography, and ecology of coral reef fishes. His overarching goal is to understand what drives the extremely high biodiversity found in tropical reefs. He has embarked on numerous expeditions around the world, including the Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, Polynesia, Micronesia, the Caribbean, South America, and Africa. His field work in Sao Tome was covered by National Geographic in 2008, and he appeared in a Science Channel documentary in 2009 discussing the effects of radiation at Bikini Atoll."

Bio

Luiz Rocha

Rocha's research interests and experience are centered on the evolution, phylogeography (or the geographic distribution of genetic lineages), biogeography, systematics and community and behavioral ecology of coral reef fishes. He frequently tries to combine these fields, invoking ecology to help explain evolutionary patterns and using molecular tools to test biogeographic and systematic hypotheses. The overall objective of this interdisciplinary research is to test existing hypotheses (and propose new ones) about what generates and maintains the extremely high biodiversity in tropical coral reefs.

Current projects include the investigation of processes of speciation in Indo-Pacific coral reef fishes. He is surveying 30 species across a wide geographical range (from East Africa to Hawaii), searching for geographic and ecological patterns of genetic variation that help explain speciation. This research is jointly funded by the National Marine Fisheries Service and the National Science Foundation.

Future research interests include speciation in tropical marine and neotropical freshwater fishes, evolutionary ecology of mimicry in fishes, molecular evolution of adaptive coloration in fishes and taxonomy and ecology of deep reef fishes.

Chapters

: Watch Full Program

01 hr 03 min 28 sec

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01.: Opening Remarks

00 min 13 sec

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02.: Presentation Overview

00 min 32 sec

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03.: What is a Species?

03 min 07 sec

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04.: Speciation Modes

03 min 03 sec

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05.: Coral Reef Fish Divergence and Biogeographic Barriers

11 min 22 sec

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06.: Differences Between Species: Grunts

08 min 50 sec

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07.: Angelfish Speciation

09 min 10 sec

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08.: Comparative Genomics

03 min 12 sec

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09.: Exploring Deep Reefs: "The Twilight Zone"

04 min 37 sec

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10.: Audience Questions

00 min 17 sec

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11.: Q1: Clarifying Hybridization Label?

01 min 15 sec

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12.: Q2: Process of Discovering a New Species?

04 min 19 sec

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13.: Q3: Fish Survival After Being Caught?

02 min 03 sec

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14.: Q4: Discovery of Rapid Speciation?

02 min 33 sec

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15.: Q5: Circulation of Fish in Ocean Currents?

01 min 34 sec

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16.: Q6: One of More Species that Appears Around the World?

04 min 06 sec

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17.: Q7: Fish on the Question Page?

01 min 11 sec

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: Watch Full Program

01 hr 03 min 28 sec

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Coral Reef Competitive Advantage Through Mimicry

02 min 15 sec

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Luiz Rocha, Assistant Curator and Follett Chair of Ichthyology at the California Academy of Sciences, highlights the evolutionary advantage of the surgeon fish. The surgeon's genes allow them to mimic angelfish, entitling them to greater resources in the coral reef.
Watch Full Program

01 hr 03 min 28 sec

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Encyclopædia Britannica Article

coral reef: Ridge or hummock formed in shallow ocean areas from the external skeletons of corals. The skeleton consists of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), or limestone. A coral reef may grow into a permanent coral island, or it may take one of four principal forms. Fringing reefs consist of a flat reef area around a nonreef island. Barrier reefs may lie a mile or more offshore, separated from the landmass by a lagoon or channel. Atolls are circular reefs without a central landmass. Patch reefs have irregular tablelike or pinnacle features. Smaller patches occur inside atoll lagoons; larger patches occur as isolated parts of any of the other three reef categories, and they sometimes occur completely separate from other kinds of reefs.; coral reef on britannica.com

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