Michael Ruse, philosopher of science, recounts the history of Darwinism by explaining the theories of evolution and natural selection.
Ruse questions whether these theories are as valid today, 200 years after Darwin's birthday.
Bio
Michael Ruse
Michael Ruse is a philosopher of science, working on the philosophy of biology, and is well known for his work on the argument between creationism and evolutionary biology.
He was born in England, took his undergraduate degree at the University of Bristol (1962), his master's degree at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (1964), and Ph.D. at the University of Bristol (1970). Ruse taught at the University of Guelph Canada for 35 years.
Since his retirement from Guelph, he has taught at Florida State University and is, since 2000, the Lucyle T. Werkmeister Professor of Philosophy. In 1986, he was elected as a Fellow of both the Royal Society of Canada and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
He has received honorary doctorates from the University of Bergen, Norway (1990), the McMaster University, Ontario, Canada (2003) and most recently the University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada (2007).
Michael Ruse, a philosopher of science, says the conflict between creationism and evolution is not a theological debate, but a cultural debate akin to abortion, gay marriage and capital punishment.
"Evolution represents one side, rather than the other," he says.
(born Feb. 12, 1809, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, Eng.died April 19, 1882, Downe, Kent) British naturalist. The grandson of Erasmus Darwin and Josiah Wedgwood, he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and biology at Cambridge. He was recommended as a naturalist on HMS Beagle, which was bound on a long scientific survey expedition to South America and the South Seas (183136). His zoological and geological discoveries on the voyage resulted in numerous important publications and formed the basis of his theories of evolution. Seeing competition between individuals of a single species, he recognized that within a local population the individual bird, for example, with the sharper beak might have a better chance to survive and reproduce and that if such traits were passed on to new generations, they would be predominant in future populations. He saw this natural selection as the mechanism by which advantageous variations were passed on to later generations and less advantageous traits gradually disappeared. He worked on his theory for more than 20 years before publishing it in his famous On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859). The book was immediately in great demand, and Darwin's intensely controversial theory was accepted quickly in most scientific circles; most opposition came from religious leaders. Though Darwin's ideas were modified by later developments in genetics and molecular biology, his work remains central to modern evolutionary theory. His many other important works included Variation in Animals and Plants Under Domestication (1868) and The Descent of Man (1871). He was buried in Westminster Abbey. See alsoDarwinism.
Elementary particles.
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The world of electron.
#
But maybe these electrons are World,
where there are five continents:
the art,
knowledge,
wars,
thrones
and the memory of forty centuries.
/ Valery Brusov. /
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‘ . . , to start with every molecule as s living thing, ..’
/ Samuel Butler. /
===.
Is every electron, atom, molecule a living thing?
Does Every electron, atom, molecule have consciousness ?
Molecular biology and molecular evolution.
Can an electron, atom, molecule evolve?
Does evolution of life begin on electron’s ( atom’s ) level?
===.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Robert Holmes
"By evolutionary definition, she must be better, more adapted and smarter than any forefather."
Wrong! Evolution doesn't invoke concepts like "better" or "superior" and doesn't at all apply to the immediate past but the distant past. Hillary is certainly different than humans 100,000 years ago, but to answer whether or not she is "better" begs the question, "better for/at what?"
Better for surviving through the otherwise qualitatively amiguous mechanism of passing genetic material to the next generation.
Quote:
Originally Posted by adambl
Very true. Religion has never been the cause of any conflict, only an excuse.
excuse [noun]: an explanation offered as a reason...; a plea offered in extenuation...
So I get it. Guns don't kill people, people kill people! So religion doesn't make wars, people deluded by religion make wars. How comforting.
The thing that seems to be most disturbing is the moral gravity that seems to be given to men like Michael Ruse. He is obviously a brilliant man in his field of expertise, but when offering answers to social questions he becomes a moral philosopher... an expert of which he is not. But those listening to him most likely roll his authority as an evolutionary biologist(EB) over into his authority as a moral philosopher when he speaks to moral/social issues. EB, as an earlier post said, doesn't speak of good or bad/better or worse... only what is. But any freshman philosophy student can tell you that it is fallacious to move from "is" to "ought". So Ruse and other EBs can speak to what they think is the case and be counted an authority, but they can't speak to one's duty or suggest an ought for cultural direction. For one thing isn't better or worse for a culture from an EB standpoint. It just is.
"FORA.TV... The world is thinking." This is what I believe to be a good and appropriate line concerning this site. But when I see people being mocked rather than engaged or plugged for more information, it makes me lose a little faith in the 'thinking' part of some of the fora.tv community. ajstavely, how could you possibly understand from the sound-byte info that MeMyself+I4Life provided that he is confused about evolution? His statements are quite valid in themselves. To mock the idea that evolutionary theory carries no presuppositional baggage is simply uncharitable at best or naive ignorance at worst (I will assume the former). The debate over the social implications of evolution will never progress until one can engage a disagreeable viewpoint charitably. Otherwise, all anyone will ever hear is "Darwin of the Galapagos is great!"
"...metaphysical baggage from evolution's presuppositions" LOL!
It appears MeMyself+I4life is extremely confused about many things when it comes to the Theory of Evolution.
Sorry boss, but Mr. Holmes is 100% correct here.
One of the great misconceptions about evolutionary theory is that it is somehow "directional" or has a "purpose," i.e. that evolution creates something "better" than what came before. "Better for what?" is exactly right. Evolution is a random event with "direction" only being provided by environmental factors and nothing else. So a bird that makes its living cracking open hard shelled nuts would have a heavy beak for this purpose, in this niche. Another bird (who perhaps could have evolved from the nut-breaking ancestor) could have moved further inland and began exploiting insects that have bored into trees, developing a long, skinny beak for this purpose. So which is "better?" Well, the nut-breaker would be "weaker" if they had to survive on insects hiding in tree trunks, but then the skinny-beaked bird would suck at trying to crack a nut. It doesn't matter which evolved more recently, only which survives to produce offspring.
Sorry, but attempting to call something outside of biology "evolution" for anything other than analogy is questionable at best. I don't care what a philosopher says about it. The two just don't equate past the most superficial of levels. You want to say an idea "evolved," fine, but don't think that your DNA is changing because you had a thought. Your simply changing your mind due to new information, you are not changing the environment just by thinking about it. If you could, well, I think we would all know about it by now!
" "Wrong! Evolution doesn't invoke concepts like "better" or "superior" "
No, I'm not wrong.
Do you really believe that "evolution" ONLY pertains to the BIOLOGICAL? I know some philosophers who would take you to task.
As to your," doesn't at all apply to the immediate past but the distant past"
Microevolution pertains to the immediate past and NOT the distant past.
Is the present form of the human race better adapted to the current environment conditions compared to a homo sapien from 100KYO?
It better be or Neo-Darwinism has nothing to say at all.
Therein lies the metaphysical baggage from evolution's presuppositions..
Not begging the question.
"By evolutionary definition, she must be better, more adapted and smarter than any forefather."
Wrong! Evolution doesn't invoke concepts like "better" or "superior" and doesn't at all apply to the immediate past but the distant past. Hillary is certainly different than humans 100,000 years ago, but to answer whether or not she is "better" begs the question, "better for/at what?"