Workshop 5: State and International Legal Responses featuring panelists Professor William Banks, Professor Claude Bruderlein, Colonel William Lietzau and moderated by Victoria Holt.
The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) is hosting a two-day conference featuring high-profile leaders, experts, and opinion-makers to develop a shared international agenda for protecting civilians from terrorist violence. In addition to examining government responses and legal structures, the conference will consider how local communities and international partners can transform the enabling environment that can intimidate local actors into silence or acquiescence. Topics will include the impact of new media tools, changes in international humanitarian law, the evolution of terrorist tactics, the proliferation of suicide bombings, and innovative approaches to protecting civilians- CSIS
Bio
William Banks
Professor William C. Banks is recognized internationally as an expert in constitutional law, national security law, and counterterrorism. Since 1987, when the Federation of American Scientists asked him to provide a legal perspective on first use of nuclear weapons, Banks has helped set the parameters for the relatively new field of national security law.
Banks co-wrote the definitive text in the field. National Security Law was first published in 1990 and is now in its fourth edition. Banks and his co-authors published Counterterrorism Law in 2007 to help define the emerging field of counterterrorism law. Banks is also the author of numerous other books, book chapters and articles including Constitutional Law: Structure and Rights in Our Federal System, 5th Ed., "The Death of FISA," "Legal Sanctuaries and Predator Strikes in the War on Terror," and "Targeted Killing and Assassination: The U.S. Legal Framework."
In addition to teaching United States law subjects, Professor Banks lectures extensively on these and other national security and constitutional law-related topics and on comparative legal systems throughout the United States and Canada, as well as in South and Central America, the Middle East, the Caribbean, Asia, Africa, and Europe. Banks' current research interests include domestic and international terrorism, emergency powers, war powers, emergency preparedness and response, civil/military relations, and appropriations powers.
Claude Bruderlein
Claude Bruderlein is the Director of the Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research, an international research and policy program based at the Harvard School of Public Health. He has been engaged in international humanitarian protection since 1985. After obtaining a B.A. in economics and political science at McGill University in Montreal, Canada, he was granted a law degree from the University of Geneva Law School, with a specialization in International Law. He then served with the International Committee of the Red Cross as a delegate in Iran, Israel and the Occupied Territories, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Yemen. In 1996, Mr. Bruderlein received a Master's degree in Law from Harvard Law School and was admitted to the New York Bar. That same year, he joined the United Nations in New York as Special Advisor on Humanitarian Affairs. He worked particularly on humanitarian access in Afghanistan and North Korea. In September 2003, he was appointed as a member of the Independent Panel on the Safety and Security of the United Nations Personnel in Iraq. His research interests include international humanitarian law, humanitarian protection, security management and human security.
Victoria Holt
Victoria K. Holt is a Senior Associate at the Henry L. Stimson Center, where she co-directs the Future of Peace Operations program, which addresses US policy and international capacity for advancing security and stability in war-torn societies.
Her recent publications include studies on the protection of civilians by military forces, African peacekeeping capacity, and rule of law aspects of peace operations. Ms. Holt joined the Center in 2001, bringing policy and political expertise from her professional experience within the State Department, Congress, and the NGO field.
She previously served as Senior Policy Advisor at the State Department (Legislative Affairs), focusing on peacekeeping and UN issues. As Executive Director of the Emergency Coalition for US Financial Support of the United Nations, she directed a bipartisan coalition of leading statesmen and non-governmental organizations.
Holt previously worked as a senior Congressional staffer for seven years, focusing on defense and foreign policy issues for members of the House Armed Services Committee. In addition, she has worked for other Washington-based policy institutes on international affairs. A graduate of the Naval War College, Holt also holds a BA (with honors) from Wesleyan University. She is a board member of Women in International Security (WIIS).
Colonel William Lietzau
Colonel Lietzau has served on several US delegations in recent multilateral treaty negotiations including those adopting the Terrorist Bombing Convention, the Ottawa Convention banning anti-personnel landmines, the Second Protocol to the Hague Cultural Property Convention and the Rome Statute for the International Criminal Court. He also led the United States negotiating team responsible for drafting elements of crimes for the International Criminal Court. In off-duty hours, Colonel Lietzau has taught international law as an adjunct professor in Georgetown Law Center’s Master of Laws program. He has published several articles on international law, criminal law, and constitutional law subjects and has been a guest speaker at numerous academic and foreign policy fora.
Colonel Lietzau’s personal awards include the Defense Superior Service Medal, the Defense Meritorious Service Medal (w/two oak leaf clusters in lieu of 2nd & 3rd awards), the Meritorious Service Medal, the Joint Service Commendation Medal (w/two oak leaf clusters in lieu of 2nd & 3rd awards) and the Navy-Marine Corps Commendation Medal (w/three gold stars in lieu of 2nd, 3rd and 4th awards).
Systematic use of violence to create a general climate of fear in a population and thereby to bring about a particular political objective. It has been used throughout history by political organizations of both the left and the right, by nationalist and ethnic groups, and by revolutionaries. Although usually thought of as a means of destabilizing or overthrowing existing political institutions, terror also has been employed by governments against their own people to suppress dissent; examples include the reigns of certain Roman emperors, the French Revolution (seeReign of Terror), Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union under Stalin, and Argentina during the “dirty war” of the 1970s. Terrorism's impact has been magnified by the deadliness and technological sophistication of modern-day weapons and the capability of the media to disseminate news of such attacks instantaneously throughout the world. The deadliest terrorist attack ever occurred in the United States on Sept. 11, 2001 (seeSeptember 11 attacks), when members of al-Qaeda terrorist network hijacked four commercial airplanes and crashed two of them into the twin towers of the World Trade Center complex in New York City and one into the Pentagon building near Washington, D.C.; the fourth plane crashed near Pittsburgh, Pa. The crashes resulted in the collapse of much of the World Trade Center complex, the destruction of part of the southwest side of the Pentagon, and the deaths of some 3,000 people.
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